• “Illocutionary satellites”: these satellites specify how the speaker wishes the speech act to be taken or understood by the addressee. Consider the following example: (29) Briefly, John is a fool Here the basic illocutionary force of the expression is DECL [declarative], and “briefly” is an illocutionary satellite specifying a certain property of the speech act as such (and not of the proposition, let alone of the predication contained in it). When the basic clause structure of (29) has been extended by illocutionary operators and satellites, we can speak of the extended clause structure, which can be represented as follows: (30) π4 Ei: [[extended proposition](σ4)](Ei) In this structure π4 represents the illocutionary operator(s), and σ4 stands for the illocutionary satellites.
- Dik (1989), a pag.60

Illocutionary satellites (σ4 ) represent the lexical means through which the illocutionary value of the clause can be specified or modified.
- Dik (1989), a pag.258