[...] human beings have two ways of meaning: lexical and morphological (paradigmatic). The former is a common type of symbolization which does not distinguish us from other species capable of arbitrary symbolic communication. Paradigmatic reference does, however, for it requires (1) substance, (2) reference and (3) context; moreover, it can only be used by a species capable of deductive logic since only such a species can interpret terms which vary semantically in accord with context.
- Beard (2004), a pag.513-514