In the textual analysis [...] ‘connotators’ will appear as parts that enter into functives in such a way that the functives have mutual substitution when these parts are deduced; and under certain conditions connotators are found in all the functives of a given degree. But this is still insufficient to define a connotator. We call an entity that has the given property an ‘indicator’, and we must distinguish between two kinds of indicators: ‘signals’ [...] and ‘connotators’.
- Hjelmslev (1961), a pag.118