Beneficiary and Range are the ʻobliqueʼ or ʻindirectʼ participants, which in earlier stages of the language typically required an oblique case and/or a preposition. Also, unlike the direct participants, they could not conflate with the Subject function in the mood system [...] Semantically the Beneficiary and the Range are not so much inherent elements in the process, they are usually (though not always) optional extras.
- Halliday (1985), a pag.132

In the ʻlogicalʼ terminology […] where Actor is ʻlogical subjectʼ and Goal is ʻlogical direct objectʼ, the Beneficiary is ʻlogical indirect objectʼ and the Range would be ʻlogical cognate objectʼ.
- Halliday (1985), a pag.132